By Adelodun Adetoyese
October is more than just the start of autumn; it is also Cancer Awareness Month. This month serves as a poignant reminder of the ongoing battle against various types of cancer, which continue to claim millions of lives around the world. While many types of cancer deserve attention and research, one that has gained prominence in recent years is breast cancer.
Breast cancer, which has traditionally been associated with women, is now being recognized as a concern for men as well. It is critical to dispel the myth that this disease only affects women. According to the American Cancer Society, breast cancer in men is uncommon but not unheard of, with approximately 2,650 new cases expected in the United States alone in 2021. This accounts for approximately 0.25% of all breast cancer cases in the country, demonstrating that it is not gender specific.
What Causes Cancer?
Cancer is a multifaceted disease with numerous potential causes. While some cancers are predisposed to by genetics, others are caused by a combination of lifestyle factors, environmental exposures, and chance. Genetics (mutations in the BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes), hormonal factors (such as estrogen exposure), age, and family history are all known risk factors for breast cancer. However, regardless of the risk factors, cancer can affect anyone.
Symptoms
Breast cancer symptoms vary, but some common ones are:
1. A breast or underarm lump or thickening.
2. Changes in breast size, shape, or appearance.
3. Unexplained breast or nipple pain.
4. Other than breast milk, nipple discharge.
5. Breast skin changes, such as redness or dimpling.
It’s important to remember that these symptoms can be caused by non-cancerous conditions as well, but any unusual changes should be evaluated by a healthcare professional right away.
Prevention
Adopting a healthy lifestyle is frequently associated with cancer prevention. Maintaining a balanced diet, engaging in regular physical activity, avoiding tobacco products, limiting alcohol consumption, and protecting oneself from excessive sun exposure are all examples of healthy lifestyle choices. Early detection of breast cancer, through screenings and mammograms, can be critical in identifying the disease in its early, more treatable stages.
Self-Examination
Breast self-exams are a simple but important tool in raising breast cancer awareness. Both men and women should become acquainted with the appearance and feel of their breasts to detect any abnormalities early. Monthly self-examinations are recommended, and any unusual findings should be reported to a healthcare provider. However, it is critical to remember that self-exams are not a substitute for regular mammograms and clinical breast exams, which are essential for early detection.
Let us remember that breast cancer knows no gender boundaries as we observe October Cancer Awareness Month. We can encourage both men and women to take charge of their health through prevention, early detection, and regular screenings by raising awareness and dispelling myths. Together, we can ensure that everyone has access to timely intervention and better outcomes in the fight against breast cancer and other forms of this insidious disease.
