Measles, a highly contagious viral infection, was once a common childhood illness with potentially severe complications.
However, thanks to widespread vaccination, measles cases have plummeted globally. Yet, outbreaks still occur, highlighting the importance of understanding this disease and the measures we can take to prevent it.
Measles is caused by a paramyxovirus that spreads through the air when an infected person coughs or sneezes. Symptoms typically appear 7 to 14 days after exposure and include:
- High fever
- Dry cough
- Runny nose
- Red, watery eyes
- Achy muscles and fatigue
- A characteristic rash that starts on the face and spreads down the body
Measles can lead to serious complications, including pneumonia, encephalitis (brain swelling), and death. While rare, measles can also trigger a delayed reaction called subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (SSPE) years after infection, causing progressive brain damage.
Preventing Measles: The Power of Vaccination
The most effective way to prevent measles is through vaccination. The measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccine is safe and highly effective. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), two doses of the MMR vaccine provide 97% protection against measles.
Additional Considerations:
- Infants aged 6-11 months traveling internationally should receive one dose of the MMR vaccine.
- Teenagers and adults born during or after 1957 without evidence of immunity should receive two doses of the MMR vaccine.
- People with weakened immune systems due to illness or medication may not be able to receive the MMR vaccine and should consult their doctor about alternative preventive measures.
While vaccination is the cornerstone of measles prevention, other measures can help reduce the risk of transmission:
- Practice good hygiene: Wash your hands frequently with soap and water, especially after coughing or sneezing.
- Cover your mouth and nose: When coughing or sneezing, use a tissue or your elbow to cover your mouth and nose.
- Stay home when sick: If you think you have measles, stay home and avoid contact with others until you recover.
Remember:
- Measles is a highly contagious and potentially serious illness.
- Vaccination is the most effective way to prevent measles.
- Everyone should follow the recommended vaccination schedule.
- If you think you have measles, stay home and consult your doctor.
By understanding measles and taking preventive measures, we can protect ourselves and our communities from this preventable disease. Let’s work together to keep measles at bay and ensure a healthier future for all.